Ransomware Definition
Ransomware is a type of malicious software (malware) that encrypts the victim’s data and demands a ransom to restore the access. Often, internet users unknowingly download ransomware by clicking on an infected email attachment or visiting an infected website, leading to the locking of valuable files and systems until a ransom is paid, usually in a type of cryptocurrency like Bitcoin.
Ransomware Key Points
- Ransomware is a type of malware that blocks access to a user’s data, often through encryption.
- The attacker asks for a ransom, often demanded in cryptocurrency, in exchange for the decryption key.
- Users often download ransomware by clicking on an infected email or website.
- The motive is usually financial gain, but it can also aim at causing disruption.
What is Ransomware?
Ransomware is a form of cyberattack that locks users out of their own computers or files until they pay a ransom to the attackers. It’s usually spread via phishing emails or through “drive-by downloading” where a system gets infected by visiting a compromised website.
Who uses Ransomware?
Ransomware is typically employed by cybercriminals and hackers looking to make a profit or cause chaos. These criminals range from individual freelancers to highly-sophisticated criminal organizations. Some nation states are also known to use ransomware attacks to meet their political or strategic objectives.
Where does Ransomware Affect?
Ransomware can affect anywhere with a computer system. This includes individual home computers, businesses, and essential utility systems like healthcare and transportation. The impact of ransomware attacks can range from minor annoyances to significant service disruptions, depending on the victim’s data sensitivity.
When did Ransomware Begin?
The first known ransomware attack occurred in 1989, known as the AIDS Trojan. It has since evolved, paralleling the growth of the internet and advancements in cryptographic technologies. The introduction of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies has further facilitated ransomware attacks by enabling anonymous, untraceable transactions.
Why is Ransomware Used?
The primary motivation of ransomware attacks is usually monetary gain. By encrypting a victim’s data and demanding a ransom for its return, attackers can make a quick profit. However, other motivations may include causing disruption, testing cyber defenses, or furthering political or ideological aims.
How is Ransomware Spread?
Ransomware is most commonly spread via phishing emails, infected software apps, malicious websites, and vulnerable network services. Once inside a network, some types of ransomware can spread to other connected devices for a more extensive attack. Detecting and removing ransomware is difficult once it has been installed, making prevention critical.
